Toco History
The Toco (Matura to Matelot) region lies along the northeastern tip of Trinidad, where the lush Northern Range meets the rugged Atlantic coastline and serene Caribbean Sea. This stretch of coastal countryside is one of the most remote and ecologically rich areas on the island, with a string of over 20 interconnected villages the major ones being Matura, Salybia, Balandra, Rampanalgas, Cumana, Toco, Sans Souci, Grande Riviere, and Matelot.
The landscape varies from broad forest reserves and rolling hills to scenic beaches, winding rivers, and striking waterfalls- offering both serenity and adventure close to nature. The area’s relative isolation, made more apparent by the long coastal drive from urban centres like Port of Spain, has helped preserve its biodiversity and traditional way of life, making it a distinct and authentic corner of Trinidad.
Demographically, the region remains sparsely populated compared to urban Trinidad. Matura — one of the larger inland settlements- covers thousands of hectares with a population of over 1,700 residents and is known for its expansive forests and close community ties. Toco, often considered the heart of the region, has grown modestly over time and is home to friendly fishing and farming families.
Matelot, at the very end of the Paria Main Road, remains one of the last truly remote coastal villages with a population of roughly 550–600 people. Many residents across the region make their livelihoods through fishing, agriculture, eco-tourism, and small-scale trade, and community connections run deep.
Historically, the roots of these villages extend back to Amerindian settlements and colonial land grants following the Cedula of Population in 1783. Toco’s early growth was shaped by French Creole settlers and later by Tobagonian agricultural workers drawn to cocoa and coffee cultivation in the 19th century, before access by road reduced the community’s isolation in the 20th century.
Matelot, whose name derives from the French word for “sailor,” similarly developed from Amerindian lands into a farming and fishing community touched by the cocoa boom before shifting back to a quieter rural existence. Grande Riviere, nestled between Toco and Matelot, followed a comparable arc from cocoa settlement to decline and rediscovery as an eco-tourism hub focused on wildlife and natural heritage.
The Toco-Matura-Matelot area has also produced individuals of national and international note. Olympic javelin champion Keshorn Walcott, former West Indies fast bowler Mervyn Dillon, and acclaimed soca artist Patrice Roberts all hail from Toco, reflecting the region’s deep cultural contribution to Trinidad and Tobago and beyond.
Today, these communities continue to celebrate their history, traditions, and natural treasures- from leather turtle nesting beaches at Matura and Grande Riviere to the quiet fishing coves of Matelot — inviting visitors to experience a side of Trinidad that is as rich in story as it is in scenery.